evaluating the effect of water quality and irrigation methods on the distribution of soil salinity in the semi-arid region of corbal plain

the current study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the effects of pressurized and furrow irrigation methods on the distribution of salinity and moisture in the soil profile. the experimental study design was a split plot layout with three irrigation method including furrow, surface drip (sd) and subsurface drip irrigation (ssd) using two water qualities, municipal effluent (0.509 ds/m salinity) and fresh water (1.52 ds/m salinity) which was carried out in a corn field located in corbal plain, iran. soil sampling was conducted in two sessions, prior to irrigation and after harvesting, at three depths of 0-20, 20-40, 40-60 cm and 15 points around areas where water seeped. variance analysis of salinity showed a significant difference (p < 0.01) between irrigation methods and the two water qualities in terms of salinity concentration, for three sampled depths of soil. the maximum salinity value, 1.66 ds/m, was found at the depth of 0-20 cm in subsurface drip irrigation and the minimum value, 0.92 ds/m, was observed at the depth of 20-40 cm in furrow irrigation. evaluation of the salinity distribution pattern in the soil profile indicated that the maximum amount of salinity was at the top of the stacks and decreased as it moved towards the bottom of the furrows. in pressurized irrigation methods, the minimum salinity value was observed where the droppers were placed and it increased by getting away from them. in the end, considering the results of the study, it is advised to carry out leaching operations, control groundwater level, plant vegetation near droppers and on the ridge of the stacks, conduct more research on how and to what extent various elements are accumulated in the soil when using effluent and what their environmental impacts are.